Sunday, 26 December 2010
Inishowen
A book about our Irish partner's region!
Inishowen
The book by Joseph O’Connor begins in Dublin one day before Christmas Eve. An unknown woman collapsed in the street. Inspector Martin Aitken comes to the scene to find out who she is. Meanwhile in New York, Dr Milton Amery, a plastic surgeon, is trying to deal with his teenage kids, please his lover and find his missing wife.
As it turns out, the woman who collapsed is Ellen Donnelly Amery, Milton’s wife, who came to Ireland to find her birth mother.
Together, Ellen and Martin go looking for her mother, while Martin tries to cope with his past.
Inishowen is not a book you can read fast and easy but you get to know the characters’ minds and their story. So if you manage to keep reading, it really is an interesting ride.
Alexandra Oswald, K1
Wednesday, 22 December 2010
THE POLTERGOOSE BY MICHAEL LAWRENCE
Michale Lawrence is a writer that usually writes funny stories. I love reading his books, especially the Jiggy McCue stories. Whenever I write a story I try to write it like him, with gags on every page.
The Poltergoose is a story about a goose who wants to haunt Jiggy, and makes his whole life very life very difficult. But this isn´t an ordinary goose, it's an invisble one, well, an invisible dead one. His friends Pete and Angie help him get rid of the pest. The goose not only makes his room a mess, but he also bites and hisses.
What they do to get rid of the goose is dig up his remains and bury them were the goose lived. The only problem was that the place was in a shopping center. They went to ask his owner, and he was a farmer that used to live where Jiggy lived, at the Dorks. And you have to find out the rest.
I would recommend this book to whoever wants to read funny books and can understand street English. I would even recommend the whole collection: Kid Swap, The iron, the switch and the broom cupboard, Ryans Brain, Neville the devil and The toilet of doom, all of which are very similar to this book.
DANNY AGÜEROS DILLEY
2ºD- IES La Marina
Tuesday, 21 December 2010
Encuentros
Every book is the story of an approach -or perhaps a disagreement- could think someone. The fact of the matter is that it is going on oneself. That has happened today when I have recovered an ancient manual of my student days that had fallen into oblivion: School Development Program for slow learners. An awful nostalgia came over me when I started to read it and I realized that I had aged but education had not changed a lot.
There are pathologies that we must accept and work to reduce them, but we can not ignore that sometimes a poor conception of normality in our Education System, a rigid structure and the idea of uniformity of our children, is the reason for many maladjustment students. This is why the teacher must reflect on our work.
Rosa Mª Mayordomo
Monday, 20 December 2010
Three Romeos and Three Juliets
Definitely, such an intensitive story has served as a script for many musical works, from operas to symphonies, from film music to ballet. Berlioz, D'Ivri, Bellini, Gounod, Rumling, Dalayrac and Gerhard are just a few of the many composers who have put this drama in music.
However, we will just focus now on three of the most celebrated musical compositions. We refer to the Overture by Tchaikovsky, the ballet by Prokofiev and the film soundtrack by Nino Rota. Three quite different works not only referring to their structure but also their style and the way they approach Shakespeare's play. Yet, three works from different historic periods.
Tchaikovsky's Romeo
We start our musical promenade with the most ancient of the three works, created in 1869. In fact, it's a symphonic poem, namely an instrumental work in which the author uses all the instruments of the orchestra to narrate the story, adapting each musical section to the selected moments in the narrative, without any singing voice at all. The composer is very skillful to tell the story only with the instruments of the orchestra, using a technique similar to that used on film music many years later. Tchaikovsky's Romeo was created 58 years before the invention of cinema by the Lumiere brothers.
Of course, it is impossible to imagine the story only by listening to the music. Therefore it is always advisable to read the script if possible before enjoying the musical piece and then try to recognize some features of the written drama in each musical section. This formal procedure allows the composer to choose only the more convenient parts of the literary work and even change some details in the story if necessary, as Tchaikovsky did in fact.
It took the Russian composer ten years to complete his work. Even after the music was finished, he did a lot of corrections and improvements while the premiere took place in different cities in Europe. His music was much more successful than any of the sixteen operas formerly composed with the same plot. But there was another 'Romeo' more renowned at that time, even in Russia: the homonymous music by Hector Berlioz. This could be the reason why Tchaikovsky changed his music so many times, adapting it to the fashion at that time. In 1879 the work was definitely finished. As usual in symphonic poems, the author created different melodies for each character. This technique, called 'leit motiv', allowed keen listeners to recognize not only Romeo's and Juliet's themes, but also the melody for the final, the rivalry between both families, etc. In the central part of Tchaikovsky's Romeo, violins take the main melody while French horns play a motive in descending seconds. The musical texture in this section is very complex. The dynamics are also remarkable -crescendos and diminuendos- highlighting some cadences in the most recognizable part of Tchaikovsky's work.
Prokofiev's ballet
According to chronological order, we'll now talk about the ballet created by another Russian composer: Sergei Prokofiev. Prokofiev did not accept immediately the commission for ballet music with such a script. He thought that the strong psychological content couldn't be properly translated to music without loosing intensity. Furthermore, he didn't feel confident putting into music a work in which so many composers had worked before. Regardless, he finally started composing it in 1935.
It was a hard work for Prokofiev, who took special interest in the creation of the scenes, commissioned by choreographer, Sergei Radlov. Radlov as well as the rest of the choreographers and dancers expected a much more conventional music, but Prokofiev was making a modern and audacious work. The disagreement was such that the company terminated the contract with him. As if this were not enough, Prokofiev replaced the tragic end in the original play written by Shakespeare with a new one, in which the lovers didn't die. This fact was widely criticized. The composer explained later that the reason for the change was merely choreographic: a deceased man can't dance, so he considered it more effective for Romeo to find Juliet alive at the end of the play.
His music was first released quite successfully in 1935 as a concert suite, that is to say, without dancing. As the Russian company had cancelled their contract with Prokofiev, it was a Czech ballet company who first performed the work as a ballet. Russian authorities considered this an offense, so they put all the necessary resources to arrange a performance inside the country.
Rehearsals for the Russian premiere were significantly stressful for all the cast. A new choreographer, Leonid Lavrovsky decided to make some changes in the script but Prokofiev declined, pointing out that the music was finished and he wouldn’t work anymore on it. The Russian premiere took place finally in Leningrad in 1940. The enormous success surprised not only the choreographers and dancers, but also Prokofiev himself.
The most successful part of the ballet was the 'dance of the knights', in which brass instruments made an overwhelming accompaniment while violins played the main theme in a binary rhythm, reaching a considerably high pitch at certain moments. This extremely high melody along with the low accompaniment obtained a somewhat harsh atmosphere, intensified with a percussion box and other percussion instruments.
Nino Rota's film score
Franco Zeffirelli's 'Romeo and Juliet' is certainly the most celebrated film based on Shakespeare's drama. Released in 1968, the film was hugely successful and had an important media impact. The music created by Rota is filled with references to Renaissance: ancient instruments such as the lute, dancing rhythms such as pavane or sarabande and musical quotes taken from that period. Rota worked in close collaboration with the film director to achieve a sound according to the verses by Shakespeare. The aim was to make a film as respectful as possible to the original play. Even the main characters were the same age in the film as in Shakespeare's play. Both, Leonard Whiting, aged 17, and Olivia Hussey, aged 15, were completely inexperienced and unknown for the audience.
Zeffirelli had worked in theatre and opera before. That's why he gave special value to costume and photography, and made an excellent Renaissance recreation. The film won two Oscars: Best Costume and Best Cinematography, and was nominated for two more: Best Director and Best Picture.
Regarding the score, Nino Rota made an intelligent approach with the orchestration. He alternated solo sections with small groups of instruments, creating an atmosphere of chamber music. On the other hand, there is a lot of extremely lyrical melodies that strengthen the concept of innocence for the young lovers.
The most famous passage is the love theme, with that well-known theme in a Renaissance fashion. The leading melody is played by strings and woods while the piano makes a simple but effective accompaniment. The musical texture is very simple if we compare it to Tchaikovsky's or
Prokofiev's Romeo, but not less emotional.
Tres Romeos y Tres Julietas
El Romeo de Tchaikovsky
Empezamos nuestro paseo musical por la más antigua de las tres obras: la de Tchaikovsky, compuesta en 1869. Se trata en realidad de un poema sinfónico, es decir, una obra instrumental en la que el autor utiliza los instrumentos de la orquesta para narrar la historia, adecuando cada sección musical a los momentos escogidos del relato, pero sin utilizar la voz humana. La técnica que utilizan los compositores para la composición de un poema sinfónico se asemeja mucho a la que se utiliza en el cine (aunque en 1869 faltaban aun 58 años para la invención del cine sonoro).
Naturalmente, si un oyente escucha un poema sinfónico sin conocer nada de la historia en la que está basado, no la va a adivinar solo por el sonido de los instrumentos. Por eso, lo más recomendable para disfrutar al máximo de una obra como esta es conocer de antemano el relato que la inspiró y tratar de reconocer en los diferentes pasajes musicales cada una de las escenas del drama. Este planteamiento formal le da al compositor bastante libertad para escoger las escenas que, a su juicio, resultan más interesantes desde el punto de vista musical. De hecho, Tchaikovsky se toma ciertas licencias a la hora de modificar algunos detalles del drama original.
Hay que decir que el compositor ruso tardó diez años en dar forma definitiva a esta obra, realizando durante ese tiempo sucesivas correcciones al tiempo que se iba estrenando, con notable éxito, en las principales ciudades europeas. No le hicieron sombra ninguna de las 16 óperas (por lo menos) que ya se habían escrito sobre este mismo argumento. En cambio, sí tuvo que 'competir' con el Romeo y Julieta compuesto por Berlioz, que llegó a estrenarse en Rusia alcanzando gran celebridad. Es posible que ese sea el motivo de que Tchaikovsky realizara las modificaciones que hemos mencionado, para adaptar su obra a los gustos del público de la época, hasta dejarla en 1879 como hoy la conocemos.
Tratándose de una obra en forma de poema sinfónico, es de rigor que el autor utilice diferentes melodías para los diferentes personajes. Esta técnica, llamada Leit Motiv, permite al oyente reconocer el tema de Romeo, el de Julieta, el del destino, el de la rivalidad entre las dos
familias, etc.
La parte central de la obra es la más célebre, que se ha convertido por méritos propios en todo un estandarte musical del amor. En ella aparece el tema principal, interpretado por los violines, mientras las trompas realizan un motivo en segundas descendentes. La complejidad de la textura orquestal es considerable, de modo que si nos fijamos bien podemos identificar, por ejemplo, los instrumentos de viento madera realzando algunos pasajes. En el punto culminante de esta larga melodía podemos escuchar los timbales, que proporcionan un dramatismo extraordinario, con una utilización muy eficaz de la dinámica -crescendo, diminuendo- para acentuar la tensión musical en determinados momentos.
El ballet de Prokofiev
Siguiendo el orden cronológico de composición, toca ahora hablar del ballet Romeo y Julieta, con música del también ruso Prokofiev. Cuando el compositor recibió el encargo de componer una música sobre este tema no lo aceptó inmediatamente, ya que temía que el fuerte contenido psicológico del drama no se pudiera traducir eficazmente a una música que no utiliza palabras. Por otro lado, le preocupaba el hecho de que ya existía un gran número de óperas con este mismo argumento, además de la obertura de Tchaikovsky y la sinfonía de Berlioz. Pero finalmente aceptó y empezó a componerlo en 1935. Prokofiev dedicó considerables esfuerzos a la composición de esta obra, poniendo especial énfasis en los aspectos escénicos del espectáculo, cuya parte coreográfica estaba a cargo de Sergei Radlov.
Hubo bastantes tensiones con Prokofiev durante los preparativos de la obra: tanto los coreógrafos como los bailarines esperaban una obra mucho más convencional, y el compositor, en cambio, trabajaba en una música moderna y atrevida. Hasta tal punto llegaron las tensiones que se llegó a cancelar el contrato con el compositor. Por si esto fuera poco, Prokofiev cambió el final trágico del drama de Shakespeare por un final feliz, hecho que fue muy criticado. En explicaciones del propio compositor, el cambio en el final tenía un propósito puramente coreográfico: un cadáver no puede bailar, y tratándose de un ballet consideró más oportuno que Romeo encontrase a Julieta viva al final. La música se estrenó en forma de suite de concierto (es decir, sin baile) en 1935, con bastante éxito. Dado que la compañía rusa había cancelado su contrato con Prokofiev, fue una compañía de ballet de Checoslovaquia la que realizó el estreno en forma de ballet. Esto provocó la reacción de las autoridades soviéticas, que consideraron una vergüenza que un ballet ruso se estrenara fuera de sus fronteras, de manera que proporcionaron los medios necesarios para representarlo en el país.
Los ensayos para el estreno ruso estuvieron llenos de tensiones: el nuevo coreógrafo, Leonid Lavrovsky, quería realizar cambios en la obra, pero Prokofiev se negaba, argumentando que la obra estaba terminada y que no iba a trabajar más en ella. Finalmente, el estreno ruso tuvo lugar en Leningrado en 1940. El éxito de público fue enorme, para sorpresa de los bailarines, del coreógrafo y del propio Prokofiev. El llamado "baile de los caballeros" es la parte más conocida. En ella los instrumentos de viento-metal realizan un acompañamiento muy contundente en compás binario mientras los violines exponen el tema principal, alcanzando en
determinados momentos una tesitura extraordinariamente alta, lo que, en contraste con el acompañamiento grave de los metales, proporciona un ambiente un tanto áspero, que se intensifica por la utilización de la caja y otros instrumentos de percusión.
La banda sonora de Nino Rota
Seguramente la más famosa película sobre el tema de Romeo y Julieta es la realizada en 1968 por Franco Zeffirelli, que obtuvo un gran éxito, además de un gran impacto mediático.
La música creada por Rota está plagada de alusiones al renacimiento: utilización de instrumentos como el laúd, ritmos de danza como la pavana o la zarabanda y citas de obras musicales de la época. El compositor trabajó en estrecha colaboración con el director del film para conseguir un sonido que casara perfectamente con los versos de Shakespeare. La idea de
Zeffirelli era realizar un film lo más respetuoso posible con la obra original, hasta el punto de contratar como protagonistas a dos jóvenes de 17 y 15 años respectivamente (la edad de Romeo y de Julieta en el original de Shakespeare). Leonard Whiting y Olivia Hussey eran, además, totalmente desconocidos e inexpertos como actores.
Zeffirelli había trabajado con anterioridad en teatro y ópera, lo cual explica su especial cuidado por el vestuario y la fotografía y su excelente recreación del renacimiento. La película consiguió dos Oscars: mejor vestuario y mejor cinematografía, y estuvo nominada además para mejor película y mejor director.
En cuanto a la música, Nino Rota hace un uso muy interesante de la orquestación, alternando pasajes a solo con otros para pequeño grupo, confiriendo un aire de música de cámara. Por otro lado, las melodías llenas de lirismo ambientan muy bien la melancolía de los jóvenes. La parte principal de la música es el famoso tema de amor. La célebre melodía de inspiración renacentista es interpretada por la cuerda y las maderas, con un acompañamiento sencillo pero muy efectivo a cargo del piano. La textura musical resulta muy simple, si la comparamos, por ejemplo, con el Romeo de Tchaikovsky, pero eso no le resta emotividad.
Wednesday, 15 December 2010
Monday, 6 December 2010
"Heidi" - Book Review by Echo McNally
Name of Author: Johanna Spyri
Number of pages: 182
How long did it take you to read? One day
On a scale of 1 to 10, how much did you enjoy this book? 6
What was the book about?
...a little girl called Heidi who lives in the mountains with her grandfather. She lives a wholesome life with her goats, helping people whenever she can, including Clara, a girl Heidi's age who is disabled; an elderly lady; a grieving father...
What were the good points in the book?
It was a quaint, cute story and it took me back to my own childhood. I thought Heidi to be an awfully good role model.
What were the bad points?
Heidi's utmost piety did bore me a bit. I usually like a bit more of an action-packed plot and thought provoking theme to a book. I felt it was too 'sweet' for me at this age.
Can you think of another title for this book? 'Little Girl on the Alm'
New words: Fräulein (Miss)
Echo McNally (2C)
Carndonagh Community School
Wednesday, 1 December 2010
Interesting links about libraries
Obras de literatura en formato digital para leer online. Incluye las obras de Shakespeare, las historias de Sherlock Holmes de Sir Arthur Conan Doyle y Alice's Adventures in Wonderland de Lewis Carroll, entre tantas otras.
Bartebly.com
Enciclopedias, diccionarios, libros de ficción y no ficción en versiones completas para consultar en línea.
Bibliomania
Libros de literatura, short stories, dramas, poesías, diccionarios y muchos otros libros completos para leer y consultar en línea.
The Michigan Electronic Library
Biblioteca virtual electrónica.
The Internet Classics Archive
Cientos de obras clásicas para leer directamente online.
Just in case you didn´t know...
Hacerlo de pie fortalece la columna,
boca abajo estimula la circulación de la sangre,
boca arriba es más placentero,
hacerlo sólo es bonito, pero egoísta,
en grupo puede ser divertido,
en el baño es muy digestivo,
en el coche puede ser peligroso....
Hacerlo con frecuencia
desarrolla la imaginación,
entre dos enriquece el conocimiento,
de rodillas resulta doloroso...
En fin, sobre la mesa o sobre el escritorio,
antes de comer o de sobremesa,
sobre la cama o en la hamaca,
desnudos o vestidos,
sobre el césped o la alfombra,
con música o en silencio,
entre sábanas o en el baño:
Hacerlo, SIEMPRE es un acto de amor.
No importa la edad, ni la raza, ni el credo,
ni el sexo, ni la posición económica...
... Leer siempre es un placer
Just in case you didn’t know.
Doing it standing up will strengthen your spine,
Upside down will stimulate your blood pressure,
Facing up is much more pleasant.
Doing it alone is nice but selfish,
In a group can be really funny;
In the bathroom, very digestive,
And in the car, it can be dangerous.
If you do it frequently,
It will develop your imagination.
In pairs, it might enrich knowledge,
On your knees, it may be painful.
Anyway, on the table or the working place,
Before lunch or at tea-time,
On the bed or in a hammock,
Bare or even dressed,
On the grass or the carpet,
With music or in silence,
DOING IT is always an act of love,
It doesn’t matter your age, race, sex or religion,
Not even your financial situation:
READING IS ALWAYS A PLEASURE
(Hey, what did you expect?)